CITYBUGS - LESSON PLAN


LESSON TITLE

Food Webs

AUTHOR(S), DATE, SCHOOL/DISTRICT

Catherine Ryan, Mara Padrick

SUBJECTS ADDRESSED

  • Food Webs
  • Predator/Prey relationships
  • Producers, Herbivores, Omnivores, Carnivores, Decomposers

GRADE LEVELS

Upper elementary (3-5)

STATE STANDARDS ADDRESSED

This lesson addresses Life Science standards for grades K-4, specifically organisms and environments.

LESSON PURPOSE OR GOAL

To teach children about food webs and how all organisms in an environment are needed for a balanced natural system.

LESSON DESCRIPTION

  • Play the food web game
  • Discuss producers, herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, and decomposers
  • Explain predator/prey relationships
  • Describe the fragility of a food web and how, if one organism is removed from the web, the web can break down due to under-population and overpopulation of different organisms.

APPROX. CLASS TIME NEEDED

45 minutes

RELATED RESOURCES

Web site address:

MATERIALS

  • 100 ft. of string
  • Pieces of paper for each child that names what organism they are and what their organism eats, is eaten by, or does (uses the sun's energy to grow or breaks down matter)
  • Sticky labels for each child that says what organism they are

PREPARATION

 

INTRODUCTION ACTIVITY

Play the food web game by passing out the assigned organism name tags and descriptions. Start with the designated first organism (student), have the student read their description of what they are and what the next organism Then direct the ball of string to the next organism and so on

PROCEDURE

  1. Design a food web on paper that includes producers, herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, and decomposers (making sure that each child is touched by the web once)
  2. Assign each student an organism and write out a piece of paper describing what they are and what they eat, are eaten by, or do; also make a sticky label with just their organism's name on it
  3. Go outside or clear a large space in the classroom and have the students make a fairly large circle (the larger the circle, the easier it is to represent a web pattern)
  4. Give the ball of string to the designated first organism and have them say what they are and what they eat, are eaten by, or do to direct towards the next step of the game
  5. (Rather than creating chaos through the throwing of the string, it is more entertaining if the teacher is in the center of the circle, crawling under the web to pass the ball of string.)
  6. Once the web is created, show what happens when an organism is removed from the web. Have that student drop their segment of string to represent that the web's tightly woven structure will be loosened. Discuss the interconnected destruction that occurs.
  7. Now explain the terms producer, herbivore, omnivore, carnivore, and decomposer using examples from the game
  8. Discuss the concept of predator eating prey and the importance of prey and predator being present in the food web (control of populations and importance of nourishing themselves and young)

ASSESSMENT

  • Create an overhead pictorial of the food web game for the kids to look at and ask about a few harmful circumstances that could occur in nature.
  • Example question: If a rabbit was removed from our game's food web, how are two other of our game's organisms affected?
  • Example answer: The coyote wouldn't have enough food to eat and, due to the loss of its "predator," the rabbit's favorite type of grass would not have a control on its population.

EXTENSION ACTIVITIES

Watch a "Bug's Life," and have them write about an example of a food web from the movie.

If the class is participating in Lesson #2 and observing the relationship between ladybugs and aphids, have them explain observations of the insects, predator/prey relationship.

RELATED RESOURCES (internet, community, commercial)

 

WORKSHEETS & HANDOUTS (attachments or downloads)